化学
位阻效应
醛
电泳剂
取代基
安息香
产量(工程)
催化作用
烷基
冷凝
有机化学
药物化学
缩合反应
冶金
材料科学
物理
热力学
作者
Isabel Monreal-Leyva,Breanna Rose Attema,Nuri Bae,Haishi Cao,Hector Palencia
出处
期刊:European Journal of Chemistry
[European Journal of Chemistry]
日期:2019-03-31
卷期号:10 (1): 1-6
被引量:1
标识
DOI:10.5155/eurjchem.10.1.1-6.1826
摘要
The benzoin condensation was used to evaluate the catalytic activity of different N-heterocyclic carbenes as a function of their structure and N-substituents. There is a correlation between the length of an N-alkyl substituent and its performance as an organocatalyst. Heteroaromatic aldehydes were found to be the most reactive, among the screened substrates, finishing the reaction in 30 minutes, with almost quantitative yields. On the other hand, p-nitrobenzaldehyde, a strongly electrophilic aldehyde, was the least reactive. Electronic effects have little influence on the reaction yield but steric effects can dramatically reduce it. The preformed organocatalyst reacts faster than the generated in situ, with minimum solvent.
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