A low-concentration all-fluorinated electrolyte for stable lithium metal batteries

A low-concentration (0.5 M) all-fluorinated electrolyte (LCAFE) was designed to stabilize high-energy-density lithium metal batteries. Introducing fluorinated solvents can control the electrolyte's solvation structure, interfacial chemistry, and physicochemical properties. Therefore, this LCAFE has good wettability, nonflammability, and excellent stability for lithium anodes.