Reconstructing the phase of vanadium oxides enables redox-catalysis manipulated reversible sulfur conversion for stable Zn–S batteries

Benefiting from a unique two-electron redox reaction during the (de) zincification process, the Zn x V 2 3+/5+ O 5 hotspots can serve as a redox medium to invoke the redox catalytic effect for tuning the bidirectional sulfur redox.