Structural engineering through modulator incorporation in UiO-66-NH2 metal–organic frameworks for piezoresponse regulation

UiO-66-NH 2 (Hf/Zr) MOFs were structurally tuned with acetic acid (AA). Increasing AA creates missing-linker defects and incorporates more modulators, breaking symmetry and boosting the piezoresponse-a simple route to engineering piezoelectric MOFs.