催化作用
化学
选择性催化还原
选择性还原
星团(航天器)
氮气
还原(数学)
有机化学
几何学
数学
计算机科学
程序设计语言
作者
Rui Yu,Zhaorui Liu,Dominik Legut,Junwei Sun,Qianfan Zhang,Joseph S. Francisco,Ruifeng Zhang
标识
DOI:10.1021/acscatal.4c01369
摘要
The electrocatalytic synthesis of NH3 holds immense significance for energy conservation in industrial and agricultural production. Herein, an efficient solution is proposed for MXene-based high-activity nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) catalysts that are modified using tetranuclear non-noble 3d transition metal clusters (M4). The thorough exploration of M4/Ti2CO2 candidates reveals that the thermodynamically and kinetically stable Cr4/Ti2CO2 possesses the lowest overpotential (0.35 V) and high selectivity, comparable to those of well-known NRR catalysts such as Ru(0001) (0.43 V) and Au(310) (1.91 V). In addition, the doping of Fe into Cr4 clusters can further reduce the overpotential and kinetic barriers by 31 and 46%, respectively. The analysis of the complicated bonding nature reveals the mechanism of the catalytic activity, which demonstrates the role of clusters pulling π/σ electrons from N2 while simultaneously back-donating d orbital electrons to the π* orbital. A descriptor (φ), related to intrinsic transferred charges (Δe) of the cluster, is proposed to accurately determine the NRR catalytic activity using simple calculations, and the linear correlation between them can reach 0.98. This work provides guidance for designing promising cluster-modified MXene catalysts for NRR and an elucidation of the electronic factors governing catalytic activity.
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