生物群落
常绿
环境科学
植被(病理学)
蒸腾作用
土壤水分
生态水文学
每年落叶的
干旱
生态学
生态系统
降水
农林复合经营
生物
地理
光合作用
植物
医学
病理
气象学
作者
Christoph Bachofen,Shersingh Joseph Tumber‐Dávila,D. S. Mackay,Nate G. McDowell,Andrea Carminati,Tamir Klein,Benjamin D. Stocker,Maurizio Mencuccini,Charlotte Grossiord
摘要
Summary Plant water uptake from the soil is a crucial element of the global hydrological cycle and essential for vegetation drought resilience. Yet, knowledge of how the distribution of water uptake depth (WUD) varies across species, climates, and seasons is scarce relative to our knowledge of aboveground plant functions. With a global literature review, we found that average WUD varied more among biomes than plant functional types (i.e. deciduous/evergreen broadleaves and conifers), illustrating the importance of the hydroclimate, especially precipitation seasonality, on WUD. By combining records of rooting depth with WUD, we observed a consistently deeper maximum rooting depth than WUD with the largest differences in arid regions – indicating that deep taproots act as lifelines while not contributing to the majority of water uptake. The most ubiquitous observation across the literature was that woody plants switch water sources to soil layers with the highest water availability within short timescales. Hence, seasonal shifts to deep soil layers occur across the globe when shallow soils are drying out, allowing continued transpiration and hydraulic safety. While there are still significant gaps in our understanding of WUD, the consistency across global ecosystems allows integration of existing knowledge into the next generation of vegetation process models.
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