Research progress of colloidal gold technology

The colloidal gold technique is a technique that combines antigen-antibody immune reaction with colloidal gold labeling for antigen and antibody detection. This paper introduces the background, principle, application, advantages and disadvantages of this technique. The colloidal gold technique uses colloidal gold particles as markers to bind with antigens or antibodies and show red bands on the test strip. It has three methods: the double antibody sandwich method, competition method and indirect method. It can be used for things like environmental monitoring, food safety, and clinical diagnostics. It has the advantages of rapid, simple, low cost, and good stability, but also has the disadvantages of low sensitivity, poor specificity, difficult quantification, etc. In this paper, the background, principle, preparation method, application, advantages and disadvantages of colloidal gold are reviewed to provide readers with a comprehensive and systematic understanding. Although colloidal gold technology has made many achievements, there are still some challenges and difficulties in realizing the industrial application of colloidal gold, such as how to improve the stability, sensitivity, specificity and repeatability of colloidal gold.