Compositional Engineering of Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Lead-Halide Perovskite and PVDF-Graphene for High-Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerators

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have attracted a great deal of attention since they can convert ubiquitous mechanical energy into electrical energy and serve as a continuous power source for self-powered sensors. Optimization of the dielectric material composition is an effective way to improve the triboelectric output performance of TENGs. Herein, the hybrid organic–inorganic lead-iodide perovskite Cs0.05FA0.95–xMAxPbI3 was prepared by blade coating and used as a positive friction layer material. Moreover, PVDF-graphene (PG) nanofibers were prepared as negative friction layer materials by electrostatic spinning. The output performance of the TENG was enhanced by varying the MA content of the pervoskite films and the graphene content of the PG nanofibers. The champion output TENG based on Cs0.05FA0.9MA0.05PbI3/PG-0.15 achieved an open-circuit voltage of 245 V, a short-circuit current of 24 μA, and a charge transfer of 80.2 nC. Meanwhile, a maximum power density of 11.23 W m–2 was obtained at 100 MΩ. Moreover, the device exhibits excellent energy-harvesting properties, including excellent stability and durability, rapidly charges capacitors, and lights commercial LEDs and digital tubes.