Coprocessing of F4TCNQ Dopant and Poly(3-alkylthiophene) in a Two-Dimensional Bilayer

掺杂剂 双层 材料科学 兴奋剂 基质(水族馆) 液晶 聚合物 烷基 化学工程 纹理(宇宙学) 纳米技术 有机化学 化学 复合材料 光电子学 人工智能 工程类 地质学 图像(数学) 海洋学 生物化学 计算机科学
作者
Hugo Fernández,Alae El Haitami,S. Spagnoli,Philippe Fontaine,Sophie Cantin
出处
期刊:Macromolecules [American Chemical Society]
卷期号:57 (15): 7184-7196
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.macromol.4c00994
摘要

Doping organic semiconductors to modify and enhance their electronic properties is a crucial step in the development of these devices. In this study, a liquid surface is used to organize poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) in a homogeneous highly crystalline nanometer-thick bilayer that can subsequently be transferred onto a chosen solid substrate without impacting its structure. Coprocessing of various amounts of F4TCNQ as dopant and P3HT was investigated to obtain, for the first time to our knowledge, an F4TCNQ-doped polymer layer preorganized on a liquid substrate. The optical and electrical properties, as well as the structure and morphology of the doped layer, were determined on liquid and solid substrates using a large range of experimental techniques adapted to each substrate. Our findings revealed that optimal doping is obtained when the molar ratio of the F4TCNQ: thiophene unit is 1:4. A 2D-organized F4TCNQ-doped P3HT bilayer with an edge-on orientation was formed on both substrates. The bilayer thickness is close to 4 nm, and the F4TCNQ dopant was found to be intercalated within the alkyl side-chain interlayer. In addition, two in-plane crystalline structures were observed to coexist, the major one corresponding to F4TCNQ-doped P3HT and the minority one to neutral polymer. The in-plane lattice associated with each phase was completely determined, emphasizing the high order achieved through such a coprocessing method on a liquid substrate compared with usual drop-casting techniques. This resulted in the bilayer in-plane electronic conductivity of about 0.1 S/cm reaching 5 S/cm for the 5-bilayer film due to the contribution of out-of-plane charge transport.
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