A Federated Learning Protocol for Spiking Neural Membrane Systems

Although deep learning models have shown promising results in solving problems related to image recognition or natural language processing, they do not match how the biological brain works. Some of the differences include the amount of energy consumed, the way neurons communicate, or the way they learn. To close the gap between artificial neural networks and biological ones, researchers proposed the spiking neural network. Layered Spiking Neural P systems (LSN P systems) are networks of spiking neurons used to solve various classification problems. In this paper, we study the LSN P systems in the context of a federated learning client–server architecture over horizontally partitioned data. We analyze the privacy implications of pre-trained LSN P systems through membership inference attacks. We also perform experiments to assess the performance of an LSN P system trained in the federated learning setup. Our findings suggest that LSN P systems demonstrate higher accuracy and faster convergence compared to federated algorithms based on either perceptron or spiking neural networks.