Deciphering the role of cuproptosis‐related lncRNAs in shaping the lung cancer immune microenvironment: A comprehensive prognostic model

Abstract Cuproptosis plays an important role in cancer, but its role in lung cancer remains unknown. Transcriptional profiles, clinical details and mutation data were acquired from the Cancer Genome Atlas database through a variety of methods. The analysis of this publicly available data was comprehensively performed using R software along with its relevant packages, ensuring a thorough examination of the information. In this study, we conducted a detailed analysis of cuproptosis‐related genes and lncRNA co‐expression, identifying 129 relevant lncRNAs and establishing a prognostic model with four key lncRNAs (LINC00996, RPARP‐AS1, SND1‐IT1, TMPO‐AS1). Utilizing data from TCGA and GEO databases, the model effectively categorized patients into high‐ and low‐risk groups, showing significant survival differences. Correlation analysis highlighted specific relationships between individual lncRNAs and cuproptosis genes. Our survival analysis indicated a higher survival rate in the low‐risk group across various cohorts. Additionally, the model's predictive accuracy was confirmed through independent prognostic analysis and ROC curve evaluations. Functional enrichment analysis revealed distinct biological pathways and immune functions between risk groups. Tumour mutation load analysis differentiated high‐ and low‐risk groups by their mutation profiles. Drug sensitivity analysis and immune infiltration studies using the CIBERSORT algorithm further elucidated the potential treatment responses in different risk groups. This comprehensive evaluation underscores the significance of lncRNAs in cuproptosis and their potential as biomarkers for lung cancer prognosis and immune microenvironment.