Manufacturing visible-light-driven heterojunction photocatalyst based on MOFs/Bi2WZnTiO9 triple perovskite/carbonous materials for efficient removal of poisons, antibiotics, and inorganic pollutants

Recently, organic and inorganic pollutants as the most critical environmental pollutants have caused serious global concerns. One of the new methods with high efficiency to remove these pollutants is using perovskite photocatalysts. In this work, photocatalytic activity of the metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) particles (PCN-222(Fe)) (as a metallic co-photocatalyst), Bi2WZnTiO9 (BWZTO) ternary perovskite (as a main photocatalyst), and carbonous materials (CMs) (reduced carbon dioxide (RGO), multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and S-doped gC3N4) (as a non-metallic co-photocatalyst) were studied. The photocatalytic removal of imidacloprid poison (C9H10ClN5O2) (ICP), tetracycline antibiotic (C22H24N2O8) (TCA), nitrite (NO2−), and carbon dioxide (CO2) contaminants were carried in experiment situations of pH:3-7, temperature: 25–65 °C, rotation speed: 100–400 rpm, contact time: 1–6h, catalyst value; 0.25–1.5 g/l, pollutant value; 15-400 ppm and the interval between the radiation source and reaction medium: 10–40 cm. The UV–visible spectra displayed the maximum removal yield of 90%, 75%, 65%, and 55% for imidacloprid poison (ICP), tetracycline antibiotic drug (TCA), nitrite, and carbon dioxide contaminants to MOFs/BWZTO/RGO nanocomposite in optimal conditions. Eventually, the MOFs/Bi2WZnTiO9/RGO photocatalyst showed high recyclability and suitable catalytic performance compared with recently prepared catalysts by experimenting with its photocatalytic activity after 5 times recovery and checking photocatalytic properties.