Mathematical Model and Parameter Analysis of the Sintering Process for Ternary Cathode Materials

Abstract The ternary cathode material LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 is widely used in lithium batteries, and the sintering process plays a crucial role in its production. Proper configuration of sintering kiln parameters directly affects the quality of LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 . However, determining optimal working conditions through onsite trials is time‐consuming and expensive. A predictive model for the sintering furnace of ternary cathode material is developed. The predictive model incorporates chemical reactions, thermal conduction inside the saggars, and convective and radiative heat transfer within the furnace. It comprehensively analyzes the relationship between furnace temperature and material temperature. Radiative heat transfer within the furnace is calculated using the Monte Carlo method, and convective heat transfer properties on the surface of the saggars are obtained through computational fluid dynamics simulations. Heat transfer inside the saggars is resolved using the finite difference method. The model accounts for the effects of operational and structural parameters. Onsite experiments validate the accuracy of the model, with a simulation error of <±10% under typical working conditions. Leveraging this model, the effects of loading quantity, moving velocity, and saggar size on the sintering of ternary cathode materials are compared. Optimization recommendations are proposed to enhance production capacity.