[Efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of meningococcal vaccines].

Meningococcal meningitis is an acute, severe respiratory infectious disease caused by Neisseria meningitidis. Immunization with meningococcal vaccine is the most effective measure to control and prevent transmission of meningococcal meningitis. Meningococcal vaccines in the Chinese market include meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine, meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine, and a combined vaccine containing meningococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine. This article reviews research progress on the efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness of meningococcal vaccines, particularly in the Chinese market, to support appropriate use of the various meningococcal vaccines for preventing meningococcal meningitis.流行性脑脊髓膜炎（流脑）是由脑膜炎奈瑟菌感染所致的一种严重急性呼吸道传染病。接种脑膜炎球菌疫苗是控制和预防流脑传播最有效的措施。中国上市使用的脑膜炎球菌疫苗包括脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗、脑膜炎球菌多糖结合疫苗和含脑膜炎球菌多糖结合疫苗的联合疫苗。本文重点对中国上市使用的脑膜炎球菌疫苗的有效性、安全性和成本效益研究进展进行综述，为合理使用不同类型的脑膜炎球菌疫苗预防流脑提供依据。.