医学
三阴性乳腺癌
乳腺癌
肿瘤科
内科学
癌症
雌激素受体
孕酮受体
临床试验
疾病
作者
Roohi Ismail‐Khan,Marilyn M. Bui
标识
DOI:10.1177/107327481001700305
摘要
Background An estimated 1 million cases of breast cancer are diagnosed annually worldwide. Of these, more than 170,000 are described as triple-negative. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is defined by the lack of protein expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) and the absence of HER2 protein overexpression. TNBC is a subtype of breast cancer that overlaps with the “basal-like” breast cancer. TNBC has significant clinical implications. Methods The epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical course, prognosis, and pathology of this subtype of breast cancer are reviewed. The authors compare the “triple-negative” and “basal-like” definitions of breast cancer. A discussion of both standard and experimental treatments for TNBC is included. Results The poor prognosis of high-grade TNBC relates to poor disease-free interval in the adjuvant setting, shortened progression-free survival in the metastatic setting, and the lack of targeted therapy. However, not all TNBCs are associated with a poor prognosis. Conclusions Although chemotherapy is the main current treatment of this subtype of breast cancer, new agents such as PARP inhibitors, which show promise in the treatment of TNBC, are currently in clinical trials.
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