Circulating trimethylamine-N-oxide and all-cause or cardiovascular mortality risk in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Review question / Objective: Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) might act as a novel biomarker for prognostic risk stratification of CKD-related all-cause or cardiovascular mortality.To date, several studies have explored the associations between TMAO and the risk of all-cause or cardiovascular mortality in CKD patients, but these findings are inconsistent.To address this issue, we performed this meta-analysis to summarize the published studies on the relationship of circulating TMAO levels with all-cause or cardiovascular mortality risk in CKD patients.Information sources: The electronic databases including Pubmed, EMBASE, and Web of Science will be searched for the information sources.