异构化
光异构化
位阻效应
分子内力
热稳定性
光电开关
分子开关
分子
偶氮苯
光致变色
化学
热的
材料科学
化学物理
光化学
纳米技术
立体化学
物理
催化作用
有机化学
气象学
作者
Yixin He,Zhichun Shangguan,Zhaoyang Zhang,Mingchen Xie,Chunyang Yu,Tao Li
标识
DOI:10.1002/anie.202103705
摘要
Abstract Azobenzenes are classical molecular photoswitches that have been widely used. In recent endeavors of molecular design, replacing one or both phenyl rings with heteroaromatic rings has emerged as a strategy to expand molecular diversity and access improved photoswitching properties. Many mono‐heteroaryl azo molecules with unique structures and/or properties have been developed, but the potential of bis‐heteroaryl architectures is far from fully exploited. We report a family of azobispyrazoles, which combine (near‐)quantitative bidirectional photoconversion and widely tunable Z ‐isomer thermal half‐lives from hours to years. The two five‐membered rings remarkably weaken the intramolecular steric hindrance, providing new possibilities for engineering the geometric and electronic structure of azo photoswitches. Azobispyrazoles generally exhibit twisted Z ‐isomers that facilitate complete Z → E photoisomerization, and their thermal stability can be broadly adjusted regardless of the twisted shape, overcoming the conflict between photoconversion (favored by the twisted shape) and Z ‐isomer stability (favored by the orthogonal shape) encountered by mono‐heteroaryl azo switches.
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