生物
适应(眼睛)
持久性(不连续性)
乳糖酶
进化生物学
基因组
全基因组测序
遗传学
计算生物学
基因
生物化学
工程类
神经科学
岩土工程
乳糖
作者
Liu Yan-hu,Lu Wang,Zhiguo Zhang,Newton O. Otecko,Saber Khederzadeh,Yongqin Dai,Bin Liang,Guodong Wang,Ya‐Ping Zhang
标识
DOI:10.1093/molbev/msab214
摘要
Abstract Coexistence and cooperation between dogs and humans over thousands of years have supported convergent evolutionary processes in the two species. Previous studies found that Eurasian dogs evolved into a distinct geographic cluster. In this study, we used the genomes of 242 European dogs, 38 Southeast Asian indigenous (SEAI) dogs, and 41 gray wolves to identify adaptation of European dogs . We report 86 unique positively selected genes in European dogs, among which is LCT (lactase). LCT encodes lactase, which is fundamental for the digestion of lactose. We found that an A-to-G mutation (chr19:38,609,592) is almost fixed in Middle Eastern and European dogs. The results of two-dimensional site frequency spectrum (2D SFS) support that the mutation is under soft sweep . We inferred that the onset of positive selection of the mutation is shorter than 6,535 years and behind the well-developed dairy economy in central Europe. It increases the expression of LCT by reducing its binding with ZEB1, which would enhance dog’s ability to digest milk-based diets. Our study uncovers the genetic basis of convergent evolution between humans and dogs with respect to diet, emphasizing the import of the dog as a biomedical model for studying mechanisms of the digestive system.
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