Optimization of the Process Parameters of Laser Beam Powder Bed Fusion GTD222 Nickel-Based Superalloy Based on Two Laser Energy Densities

The effect of volume energy density and deposition energy density on the roughness, porosity, density and hardness of laser beam powder bed fusion (LBPBF) GTD222 Ni-based superalloy was systematically studied. The results showed that the roughness and porosity of the alloy decreased with the increase of the two laser energy densities, while the density and hardness increased. When the volume energy density and the deposition energy density exceeded a threshold value, the density and hardness reached the maximum value and almost remained constant. The volume energy density could be used to estimate the laser conditions for obtaining high-density LBPBF GTD222 alloy more accurately than the deposition energy density. The process parameters for the transformation of the alloy from porous to dense were determined based on the volume energy density. This study provides guidance for the optimization of the process parameters of LBPBF GTD222 alloy.