Triboelectric Nanogenerators Based on Super-Stretchable Conductive Hydrogels with the Assistance of Deep-Learning for Handwriting Recognition

Nowadays, wearable electronic devices are developing rapidly with the internet of things and human-computer interactions. However, there are problems such as low power, short power supply time, and difficulty in charging, leading to a limited range of practical applications. In this paper, a composite hydrogel composed of polyacrylamide, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and MXene (Ti3C2Tx) nanosheets was developed, which formed a stable double-chain structure by hydrogen bonding. The configuration endows the hydrogel with excellent properties, such as high strength, strong stretchability, excellent electrical conductivity, and high strain sensitivity. Based on these characteristics, a flexible multifunctional triboelectric nanogenerator (PHM-TENG) was prepared using the hydrogel as a functional electrode. The nanogenerator can collect biomechanical energy and convert it to 183 V with a maximum power density of 78.3 mW/m2. It is worth noting that PHM-TENG can be applied as a green power source for driving miniature electronics. Also, it can be used as an auto-powered strain sensor that distinguishes letters, enabling monitoring under small strain conditions. This work is anticipated to provide an avenue for the development of new intelligent systems for handwriting recognition.