Project-based training for teachers is one effective way to promote teachers' professional development. This study aims to explore a project-based training model for primary and secondary school teachers empowered by generative Artificial Intelligence (AI), holding both theoretical significance and practical importance. Guided by the triadic reciprocal determinism and project-based learning theory, this study adopted literature research and theoretical deduction methods to propose a general process for project-based training for teachers in primary and secondary schools, clarified the empowered function of generative AI on project-based training for teacher participants, constructed a preliminary project-based training model. To implement and refine the generative AI-empowered project-based training model, the study implemented two rounds of design-based research based on the online course "AI Empowers Classroom Reform" of the iFLYTEK AI teaching and research platform. Finally, the study conducted an effect analysis, evaluating the performance and capability of project-based training. The results conclusively demonstrate that the model improves the training performance and training capability of primary and secondary school teachers.