Research Progress of Hemostatic Materials based on Tannic Acid

Tannic acid is a class of plant polyphenols, which widely exists in natural herbs such as Chinese gallnut and tea. It has the functions of hemostasis, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant. Its structure is rich in catechol groups and exhibits extremely high reactivity, which can not only interact with blood cells and plasma proteins to promote vasoconstriction and blood coagulation, but also combine with biological macromolecules, metal ions and synthetic polymers to prepare hydrogels, sponges, coatings, particles, or other forms; it can also solve many problems related to bleeding, infection, and oxidation during wound healing, and has the potential to prepare high-performance hemostatic materials. Recently, researchers have reported various tannic acid hemostatic materials that are simple to prepare and have excellent properties, attracting widespread attention from scholars at home and abroad. Therefore, this paper focuses on the hemostatic properties of tannic acid, and summarizes the hemostatic mechanism of tannic acid and the design ideas of related hemostatic materials; summarizes the common tannin hemostatic materials were summarized based on material types and product characteristics; finally, discusses the possible limitations and future development directions, to provide a reliable basis for in-depth research on tannic acid hemostatic materials.