Projection-driven optimization framework for risk assessment of “dual carbon” audit in power grid enterprises with q-rung orthopair fuzzy MAGDM

Power grid enterprises are the backbone of promoting clean and low-carbon energy transformation, playing an important role in achieving carbon peak and carbon neutrality. It is very necessary to audit the implementation of the "dual carbon" work of power grid enterprises, in order to better implement the national "dual carbon" policy and serve the development of the national economy. The risk assessment of "dual carbon" audit in power grid enterprises is multiple-attribute group decision-making (MAGDM). In this study, in light with projection measure technique and bidirectional projection measure technique, four forms of projection measure technique with q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets (q-ROFSs) are conducted. Then, two weighed projection techniques are conducted to manage the MAGDM. Finally, a numerical example for risk assessment of "dual carbon" audit in power grid enterprises and comparative analysis is utilized to verify the developed techniques. The major contribution of this research is constructed: (1) entropy technique is implemented to determine the weight values in line with score number (SN) and accuracy number (AN); (2) two weighed projection techniques are implemented to put forward MAGDM with q-ROFSs; (3) the numerical example for risk assessment of "dual carbon" audit in power grid enterprises is implemented to show the two weighed projection techniques under q-ROFSs; and (4) comparative studies are constructed with existing techniques.