Nanoceramics: fabrication, properties, and applications

Nanoceramics are ceramic materials made up of nanometer-sized structural units (grains/crystallites) with at least one dimension of the element below 100 nm. Nanoceramics are categorized as an inorganic, heat-resistant, nonmetallic solid product of both metallic and nonmetallic compounds. Because of their ability to demonstrate unique properties, nanoceramics have sparked much interest in the scientific community and the nanotech field. In this brief review, we discuss nanoceramics synthesis methodologies through a variety of physical and chemical methods. Nanoceramics exhibit novel physical, chemical, and mechanical characteristics. This chapter aims to elucidate the various fabrication procedures and the vital and versatile applications of nanoceramics in batteries, biomedical, medical equipment, cells, coatings, and more.