Ultra-short-term wind farm cluster power prediction based on FC-GCN and trend-aware switching mechanism

Currently, wind power prediction has so many problems in the ultra-short-term time scale (0–4h), which is difficult to improve the deterministic prediction and probability prediction accuracy of the wind farm cluster because it can not fully explore the spatio-temporal correlation between the physical change process and the wind farm. In this paper, a method of ultra-short-term deterministic and probability prediction of wind farm cluster power based on Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) considering fluctuation correlation (FC) is proposed. Firstly, the adjacency matrix is constructed based on the power sequence fluctuation information of each wind farm, and the GCN is designed. Secondly, the spatio-temporal features of power and Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) wind speed are extracted and fused based on the network model of dual-channel and dual-adjacency matrix. Thirdly, in order to effectively improve the prediction accuracy, a trend switching mechanism is designed based on the effective trend of NWP. When the fluctuation information of NWP is not accurate, the graph structure is constructed by the adjacency matrix based on geographical location to achieve effective prediction. Finally, the method proposed in this paper is applied to wind farm clusters in three provinces of China, compared with some commonly used methods, the average RMSE is reduced by 1.34 %, 1.62 %, 2.07 %, respectively, and the average CWC is reduced by 6.12 %, 4.49 %, 6.62 %, which verifies the effectiveness of this method.