Blow spinning mass production of melamine@polyacrylonitrile composite nanofibers with enhanced flame-retardant and strengths

To achieve the scalable production of high-performance melamine-based flame retardant nanofibers, solution blowing spinning technology was employed into the continuous spinning of melamine(MA)@polyacrylonitrile(PAN) composite fibers. Propelled by the compressed air current, spinnable MA@PAN solutions can be shaped into nanofiber with a high flow rate over 50 ​mL/h. Among different melamine-based materials, melamine phosphate (MPP) exhibited excellent solubility in the solution, exceeding 30 ​wt%, ensuring that the MPP@PAN nanofiber products demonstrated exceptionally robust flame-retardant performance. Furthermore, through fiber textile needle punching technology, loose fiber sponge can be organized into enhanced fiber blankets. These MPP@PAN nanofiber products exhibited outstanding flame retardant and thermal insulation properties, rendering them pivotal as the flame-retardant materials in extreme environments.