[Pelvic floor function of 5 143 women in early postpartum stage and analysis on the effect factors].

Objective: To describe the situation of early stage of pelvic floor function and investigate the effect factors in postpartum women. Methods: A retrospective survey was conducted, and women who did regular examination and gave birth in Peking University People's Hospital and had an annual pelvic floor examination at 6-12 weeks after delivery from Sep. 2012 to Dec. 2017 were interviewed. General information and pelvic floor electrical physiological indexes were collected and analyzed. Results: Totally 5 143 puerpera were included in the study. The normal strength of type Ⅰ muscle was 52.40% (2 695/5 143) and the normal strength of type Ⅱ muscle was 52.69% (2 710/5 143). The abnormal degree of fatigue of type Ⅰ muscle was 55.84% (2 872/5 143) and the abnormal degree of fatigue of typeⅡmuscle was 27.34% (1 406/5 143). Pelvic floor dynamic pressure was (93±37) cmH(2)O (1 cmH(2)O=0.098 kPa). The incidence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) was 23.49% (1 208/5 143) after delivery and it was as high as 57.58% (95/165) for women who had family history of pelvic floor dysfunction. Family history of pelvic floor dysfunction was the risk factor of the fatigue index of type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ muscle (P<0.05). The incidence of SUI was associated with vaginal delivery and age (≥30 years old) and family history of pelvic floor dysfunction (P<0.01). Conclusions: Pelvic floor electrical physiological indicators are reduced in about half of women in early postpartum stage. Age (≥30 years old) and vaginal delivery and family history of pelvic floor dysfunction are the risk factors.目的： 探讨产后早期妇女的盆底功能状况及其影响因素。 方法： 回顾性分析2012年9月至2017年12月于北京大学人民医院定期产前检查并分娩，并于产后6~12周来院行盆底功能检查的产妇的临床资料，对产妇一般情况、产后盆底电生理指标数据进行统计学分析，并分析影响产后早期盆底电生理指标的因素。 结果： 共纳入5 143例产妇，其中Ⅰ类肌纤维肌力正常者2 695例（52.40%，2 695/5 143），Ⅱ类肌纤维肌力正常者2 710例（52.69%，2 710/5 143），Ⅰ类肌纤维疲劳度异常者2 872例（55.84%，2 872/5 143），Ⅱ类肌纤维疲劳度异常者1 406例（27.34%，1 406/5 143）；阴道动态压力为（93±37）cmH(2)O（1 cmH(2)O=0.098 kPa）。产后早期发生压力性尿失禁（SUI）1 208例（23.49%，1 208/5 143），有盆底功能障碍性疾病（PFD）家族史的产妇产后早期SUI的发生率高达57.58%（95/165）。PFD家族史是Ⅰ、Ⅱ类肌纤维疲劳度异常的危险因素（P<0.05）；阴道分娩、年龄≥30岁、PFD家族史是产后早期发生SUI的危险因素（P<0.01）。 结论： 约半数的产妇产后早期盆底电生理指标处于受损状态，高龄、阴道分娩及PFD家族史是产后早期发生SUI的危险因素。.