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Characteristics of Heavy Particulate Matter Pollution Events Over Hong Kong and Their Relationships With Vertical Wind Profiles Using High‐Time‐Resolution Doppler Lidar Measurements

环境科学 激光雷达 风速 行星边界层 风切变 大气科学 微粒 污染 风向 空气质量指数 气象学 边界层 台风 微粒污染 地质学 地理 遥感 湍流 生态学 物理 生物 热力学
作者
Yuanjian Yang,Steve Hung Lam Yim,Jim Haywood,Martin J. Osborne,Chi Shing Chan,Zhaoliang Zeng,Jack C. H. Cheng
出处
期刊:Journal Of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres [Wiley]
卷期号:124 (16): 9609-9623 被引量:82
标识
DOI:10.1029/2019jd031140
摘要

Abstract Previous studies have reported boundary layer features related to air pollution. However, few studies have comprehensively evaluated the characteristics and mechanisms of vertical wind in the formation and evolution of heavy particulate matter pollution episodes (EP) in Hong Kong. In this study, we analyzed the vertical characteristics of heavy particulate matter (PM) pollutions over Hong Kong and their relationships with vertical wind profiles using high‐time‐resolution Doppler lidar measurements and hourly meteorological and air quality observations. We identified nine EPs and show that the events were closely coupled to various vertical wind profiles in the planetary boundary layer (PBL). Our analysis suggests that strong vertical wind speed with wind shear at certain heights in the PBL had a positive correlation with surface PM during most superregional transboundary EPs. The maximum transport height extends from the surface to about 2.0 km or even higher; these transport heights differed among superregional and regional transboundary EPs. At peak surface pollution concentrations during the nine EPs, the surface PM 10 had a significant negative correlation with PBL heights/mixing layer heights, while the averaged wind shear in the PBL was significantly positively correlated. These EPs with different mixing layer heights were mainly driven by different vertical wind shear conditions under various weather systems related to surface high pressure, cold fronts, dust storms, and typhoons. This work provides scientific evidence that surface PM pollutions were closely related to the characteristics of vertical profiles during the transboundary air pollutions.
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