超级电容器
电容器
电解质
电解电容器
材料科学
电压
储能
电极
电化学
纳米技术
光电子学
电气工程
功率(物理)
化学
工程类
物理
量子力学
物理化学
作者
Xining Zang,Caiwei Shen,Mohan Sanghadasa,Liwei Lin
标识
DOI:10.1002/celc.201801225
摘要
Abstract Supercapacitors with high power density and life cycles are an important family of power supplies among energy storage systems. The operating voltage window of a supercapacitor is determined by both the chemistry of electrode materials and the electrochemical kinetics of electrolytes while the water hydrolysis potential of 1.23 V is the typical limit for capacitors based on aqueous electrolytes. Here, we briefly outline the working mechanism of electrochemical supercapacitors, including electron double layer capacitors (EDLC) and pseudo‐capacitors, and investigate the limitations of their working voltages. The principles and examples of different designs of electrodes and electrolytes for high‐voltage supercapacitors beyond the hydrolysis limit are discussed, such as asymmetric electrodes, high concentration electrolytes, and electrolytes with different pH values. Insights into high voltage capacitor cells and future prospects are provided for the development of electrochemical energy storage systems.
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