Hydronephrosis: Diagnosis, Grading, and Treatment.

Hydronephrosis, or dilation of the renal collecting system, can be diagnosed using various modalities, including sonography, radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and nuclear medicine technology. This article explores the causes of hydronephrosis and its effects on the urinary system, presenting signs, symptoms, diagnostic techniques, and the role of various imaging specialists. In addition, the grading scale for hydronephrosis is presented and treatment options are explained.