Evaluation of serum FoxO1 , mTORC1 , IGF ‐1, IGFBP ‐3 levels, and metabolic syndrome components in patients with acne vulgaris: A prospective case‐control study

Recently, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), forkhead box transcription factor (Fox) O1, and mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling have been introduced as key elements in acne pathogenesis. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between serum levels of IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), FoxO1 and mTORC1, and the components of metabolic syndrome (MS) and AV. This prospective case-control study was carried out on 89 participants, including 49 AV patients and 40 controls. The serum levels of IGF-1, IGFBP-3, insulin, FoxO1, and mTORC1 were measured along with the components of MS. The blood pressure (BP) measures were significantly higher in the AV patients than in the controls (P = .001). The mean high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were significantly lower in the AV patients than in the controls (P = .040). The numbers of accompanying MS components were significantly higher in the AV patients than in the controls (P = .001). The IGFBP-3 levels were significantly higher in the AV patients than in the controls (P = .02). The IGF-1, mTORC1, and FoxO1 levels were higher in the AV patients than in the controls; neither were statistically significant (P = .093, P = .741, and P = .564, respectively). The higher BP and IGFBP-3 levels, the lower HDL-C levels and the common presence of MS components demand caution in terms of new therapeutic strategies and possible associated comorbidities.