气孔导度
环境科学
蒸腾作用
生态系统
气候变化
用水效率
陆地生态系统
全球变暖
生态学
农学
大气科学
生物
光合作用
植物
灌溉
地质学
作者
Jack S. A. Matthews,Tracy Lawson
标识
DOI:10.1002/9781119312994.apr0667
摘要
Abstract Stomata control the uptake of CO 2 into the leaf along with water loss through transpiration and are critical for maintaining plant water status and leaf temperature. The predicted changes in future climate conditions; including atmospheric [CO 2 ], temperature, and water availability will greatly influence stomatal development and functional response. As stomata account for 95% of terrestrial gaseous fluxes of water and carbon, their behaviour has major consequences for global hydrological and carbon cycles, with implications for precipitation patterns, land run‐off and drought events. Furthermore, as water demand for agricultural practices is predicted to increase, crop production for sustainable food security will require improvements in plant water use efficiency, to which stomatal conductance and dynamic responses to environmental conditions are key components. Stomatal response is often the combination of several environmental and internal stimuli, and is, therefore, difficult to predict across ecosystem types. Here, we review stomatal response to key environmental factors at the leaf and ecosystem levels, and highlight the influence of changes in stomatal anatomical and functional behaviour on earth systems and ecosystem function in the face of climate change.
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