Degeneration of retina-brain components and connections in glaucoma: Disease causation and treatment options for eyesight preservation

青光眼 医学 神经科学 视神经 黄斑变性 视神经病变 视网膜 神经保护 视力障碍 眼科 变性(医学) 疾病 心理学 病理
作者
Najam A. Sharif
出处
期刊:Current research in neurobiology [Elsevier]
卷期号:3: 100037-100037 被引量:5
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.crneur.2022.100037
摘要

Eyesight is the most important of our sensory systems for optimal daily activities and overall survival. Patients who experience visual impairment due to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) are often those afflicted with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) which slowly robs them of their vision unless treatment is administered soon after diagnosis. The hallmark features of POAG and other forms of glaucoma are damaged optic nerve, retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss and atrophied RGC axons connecting to various brain regions associated with receipt of visual input from the eyes and eventual decoding and perception of images in the visual cortex. Even though increased IOP is the major risk factor for POAG, the disease is caused by many injurious chemicals and events that progress slowly within all components of the eye-brain visual axis. Lowering of IOP mitigates the damage to some extent with existing drugs, surgical and device implantation therapeutic interventions. However, since multifactorial degenerative processes occur during aging and with glaucomatous optic neuropathy, different forms of neuroprotective, nutraceutical and electroceutical regenerative and revitalizing agents and processes are being considered to combat these eye-brain disorders. These aspects form the basis of this short review article.
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