谷胱甘肽
化学
氧化应激
氧化还原
荧光
抗氧化剂
亲核细胞
异型生物质的
细胞内
亲核芳香族取代
硫醇
生物物理学
生物化学
亲核取代
酶
有机化学
物理
量子力学
生物
催化作用
作者
Fang Zhang,Fan Chen,Ruipeng Shen,Yaxiong Chen,Zhengjia Zhao,Baoxin Zhang,Jianguo Fang
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04098
摘要
Glutathione (GSH), the most prevalent nonprotein thiol in biological systems, acts as both an antioxidant to manipulate intracellular redox homeostasis and a nucleophile to detoxify xenobiotics. The fluctuation of GSH is closely related to the pathogenesis of diverse diseases. This work reports the construction of a nucleophilic aromatic substitution-type probe library based on the naphthalimide skeleton. After an initial evaluation, the compound R13 was identified as a highly efficient GSH fluorescent probe. Further studies demonstrate that R13 could readily quantify GSH in cells and tissues via a straightforward fluorometric assay with a comparable accuracy to the results from the HPLC. We then used R13 to quantify the content of GSH in mouse livers after X-ray irradiation, revealing that irradiation-induced oxidative stress leads to the increase of oxidized GSH (GSSG) and depletion of GSH. In addition, probe R13 was also applied to investigate the alteration of the GSH level in the Parkinson's mouse brains, showing a decrease of GSH and an increase of GSSG in Parkinson's mouse brains. The convenience of the probe in quantifying GSH in biological samples facilitates further understanding of the fluctuation of the GSH/GSSG ratio in diseases.
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