水力压裂
不连续性分类
断裂(地质)
床
油页岩
岩土工程
床上用品
地质学
石油工程
流量(数学)
间断(语言学)
页岩气
机械
数学
园艺
古生物学
数学分析
物理
生物
各向异性
量子力学
作者
Zixiao Xie,Xiaoguang Wu,Tom Long,Zhongwei Huang,Gensheng Li,Wenchao Zou,Zhaowei Sun
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.petsci.2023.07.014
摘要
Hydraulic fracturing is considered the main stimulation method to develop shale gas reservoirs. Due to its strong heterogeneity, the shale gas formation is typically embedded with geological discontinuities such as bedding planes and natural fractures. Many researchers realized that the interaction between natural fractures and hydraulic fractures plays a crucial role in generating a complex fracture network. In this paper, true tri-axial hydraulic fracturing tests were performed on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), on which pre-existing fracture was pre-manufactured to simulate natural fracture. A cohesive model has been developed to verify the results of the experimental tests. The key findings demonstrate that the experimental results agreed well with the numerical simulation outcomes where three main interaction modes were observed: crossing; being arrested by opening the pre-existing fracture; being arrested without dilating the pre-existing fracture. Crossing behavior is more likely to occur with the approaching angle, horizontal stress difference, and injection rate increase. Furthermore, the higher flow rate might assist in reactivating the natural fractures where both sides of the pre-existing fractures were reactivated as the injection rate increased from 5 to 20 mL/min. Additionally, hydraulic fractures show a tendency to extend vertically rather than along the direction of maximum horizontal stress when they are first terminated at the interface. This research may contribute to the field application of hydraulic fracturing in shale gas formation.
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