硅
材料科学
润湿
阳极
化学工程
电极
电解质
电化学
纳米技术
极化(电化学)
法拉第效率
复合材料
光电子学
化学
工程类
物理化学
作者
Tingting Li,Yangfan Li,Fan Zhang,Naiwen Liang,Jiang Yin,Haihong Zhao,Yahui Yang,Bo Chen,Lishan Yang
出处
期刊:Crystals
[Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute]
日期:2023-07-19
卷期号:13 (7): 1127-1127
被引量:5
标识
DOI:10.3390/cryst13071127
摘要
Silicon anodes with a high theoretical capacity possess great potential applications in power batteries for electric vehicles, while their volume expansion always leads to crystal pulverization and electrode polarization. An ideal solution to alleviate such pulverization and polarization of silicon crystals is to simultaneously use nano-sized silicon crystals and introduce high viscosity and elasticity polymer binders. This work has achieved the adjustable introduction of hydroxyl groups to silicon nanocrystals under the optimal reaction temperature (e.g., 80 °C) and appropriate piranha solution composition (e.g., H2SO4/H2O2 = 3:1 v/v), ultimately forming an amorphous coating layer of ~1.3 nm on the silicon surface. The optimized silicon anode exhibits superior electrochemical performance (with an initial Coulombic efficiency of 85.5%; 1121.4 mA h g−1 at 1 A g−1 after 200 cycles) and improved hydrophilicity. The introduced hydroxyl groups significantly enhance the hydrophilicity of silicon in the electrolyte and the electrochemical activity of the silicon anodes. The hydroxyl groups achieve stronger bonding between silicon and polymer binders, ultimately improving the mechanical strength and stability of the electrode. The introduction of hydrophily functional groups on the surface of silicon crystals can be explored as an active strategy to solve the above issues. This surface engineering method could be extended to more fields of infiltrating silicon-based functional materials.
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