Enzyme-catalyzed electrochemical aptasensor for ultrasensitive detection of soluble PD-L1 in breast cancer based on decorated covalent organic frameworks and carbon nanotubes

化学 适体 检出限 辣根过氧化物酶 共价键 生物相容性 胶体金 电化学 组合化学 催化作用 对苯二酚 生物传感器 过氧化氢 核化学 纳米颗粒 纳米技术 色谱法 有机化学 电极 生物化学 材料科学 分子生物学 物理化学 生物
作者
Yue Zhang,Shuyi Chen,Jie Ma,Xiaobin Zhou,Xinchen Sun,Hongyun Jing,Mei Lin,Chenglin Zhou
出处
期刊:Analytica Chimica Acta [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:1282: 341927-341927 被引量:11
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.aca.2023.341927
摘要

Soluble programmed death-ligand 1 (sPD-L1) is critically involved in breast cancer recurrence and metastasis. However, the clinical application of highly sensitive sPD-L1 assays remains a challenge due to its low abundance in peripheral blood. To address this issue, for the first time, an enzyme-catalyzed electrochemical aptasensing platform was devised, incorporating covalent organic frameworks-gold nanoparticles-antibody-horseradish peroxidase (COFs-AuNPs-Ab-HRP) and polyethyleneimine-functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs-PEI-AuNPs) for the highly specific and ultrasensitive detection of sPD-L1. MWCNTs-PEI-AuNPs possessed an extensive specific surface area and exhibited excellent electrical conductivity, facilitating the immobilization of aptamer and amplifying the signal. COFs modified with AuNPs not only amplified the electrical signal but also proffered a loading platform for the Ab and HRP. The favorable biocompatibility of COFs contributed to the preservation of enzyme activity and stability. HRP acted in synergy with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to catalyze the oxidation of hydroquinone (HQ) to benzoquinone (BQ). Subsequently, BQ underwent electrochemical reduction to HQ, inducing an enzymatic redox cycle that amplified the electrochemical signal and enhanced the sensitivity and selectivity of the detection method. The developed aptasensor displayed a liner range for sPD-L1 identification from 1 pg mL−1 to 100 ng mL−1 and the detection limit reached 0.143 pg mL−1 (S/N = 3). Paving the way for clinical application, this strategy detected differences in sPD-L1 in cell supernatants and peripheral blood of breast cancer patients with higher sensitivity compared to commercial sPD-L1 ELISA kit. This work demonstrates significant potential in offering reference information for early diagnosis and disease surveillance of breast cancer.
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