围手术期
医学
免疫系统
六烯酸
重症监护医学
二十碳五烯酸
肠内给药
肠外营养
合生元
外科
多不饱和脂肪酸
免疫学
脂肪酸
生物
生物化学
遗传学
益生菌
细菌
作者
Maura Walsh,Robert G. Martindale
摘要
Focused perioperative nutrition strategies have proven benefits on the outcomes for patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. In this brief article, we will review these strategies and the evidence to support them with a focus on gastrointestinal anastomotic healing. We will elaborate the risks and benefits of enteral feeds, immune- and metabolic-modulating formulas, prebiotics and probiotics, and prehabilitation in preparation for surgery. Additionally, we will discuss the role of fish oils (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) in the surgical patient and new data on specialized proresolving mediators in inflammation resolution. Finally, this article will consider the harmful impact surgical trauma has on the microbiome and the potential for perioperative dietary modulation to attenuate these negative effects.
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