Graphene-polymer nanocomposites for structural and functional applications

The introduction of graphene-based nanomaterials has prompted the development of flexible nanocomposites for emerging applications in need of superior mechanical, thermal, electrical, optical, and chemical performance. These nanocomposites exhibit outstanding structural performance and multifunctional properties by synergistically combining the characteristics of both components if proper structural and interfacial organization is achieved. Here, we briefly introduce the material designs and basic interfacial interactions in the graphene-polymer nanocomposites and the corresponding theoretical models for predicting the mechanical performances of such nanocomposites. Then, we discuss various assembly techniques available for effectively incorporating the strong and flexible graphene-based components into polymer matrices by utilization of weak and strong interfacial interactions available in functionalized graphene sheets. We discuss mechanical performance and briefly summarize other physical (thermal, electrical, barrier, and optical) properties, which are controlled by processing conditions and interfacial interactions. Finally, we present a brief outlook of the developments in graphene-based polymer nanocomposites by discussing the major progress, opportunities, and challenges.