Air pollution and forests: interactions between air contaminants and forest ecosystems

森林生态学 空气污染 环境科学 生态系统 污染 环境保护 生态学 生物
作者
William H. Smith
出处
期刊:Choice Reviews Online [American Library Association]
卷期号:27 (11): 27-6335 被引量:156
标识
DOI:10.5860/choice.27-6335
摘要

1. Introduction.- A. Air Pollution.- B. Forest Ecosystems.- C. Interactions between Air Pollutants and Forest Ecosystems.- References.- Section I. Forests Function as Sources and Sinks for Air Contaminants-Class I Interactions.- 2. Role of Forests in Major Element Cycles: Carbon, Sulfur, and Nitrogen.- A. Carbon Pollutants.- B. Sulfur Pollutants.- C. Nitrogen Pollutants.- D. Summary.- References.- 3. Forests as Sources of Hydrocarbons, Particulates, and Other Contaminants.- A. Volatile Hydrocarbons.- B. Particulates.- C. Forest Fires.- D. Summary.- References.- 4. Forests as Sinks for Air Contaminants: Soil Compartment.- A. Forest Soils as Particulate Sinks.- B. Forest Soils as Sinks for Atmospheric Gases.- C. Summary.- References.- 5. Forests as Sinks for Air Contaminants: Vegetative Compartment.- A. Forest Vegetation as a Sink for Particulate Contaminants.- B. Forest Vegetation as a Sink for Gaseous Contaminants.- C. Summary.- References.- 6. Class I Summary: Relative Importance of Forest Source and Sink Strength and Some Potential Consequences of These Functions.- A. Forests as Sources of Air Pollutants.- B. Forests as Sinks for Air Pollutants.- References.- Section II. Forests are Influenced by Air Contaminants in a Subtle Manner - Class II Interactions.- 7. Forest Tree Reproduction: Influence of Air Pollutants.- A. Pollen Production and Function.- B. Flower, Cone and Seed Production.- C. Seedling Development.- D. Summary.- References.- 8. Forest Nutrient Cycling: Influence of Trace Metal Pollutants.- A. Organisms Involved in the Decomposition Process.- B. Measurement of Organic Matter Decomposition Rate and Microbial Biomass.- C. Trace Metal Influence on Litter Decomposition.- D. Trace Metal Impact on Soil Processes.- E. Trace Metal Influence on Soil Enzymes.- F. Summary.- References.- 9. Forest Nutrient Cycling: Influence of Acid Precipitation.- A. Acid Precipitation and Vegetative Leaching.- B. Acid Precipitation and Soil Leaching.- C. Acid Precipitation and Soil Weathering.- D. Summary.- References.- 10. Forest Nutrient Cycling: Influence of Air Pollutants on Symbiotic Microorganisms.- A. Fungal Symbionts.- B. Bacterial Symbionts.- C. Other Nitrogen-Fixing Organisms.- D. Summary.- References.- 11. Forest Metabolism: Influence of Air Contaminants on Photosynthesis and Respiration.- A. Constraints on Photosynthesis.- B. Photosynthetic Suppression: Nonwoody Species.- C. Photosynthetic Suppression: Forest Tree Seedlings.- D. Photosynthetic Suppression: Forest Tree Saplings.- E. Photosynthetic Suppression: Large Forest Trees.- F. Photosynthetic Response to Air Contaminants: Mechanisms of Suppression.- G. Summary.- References.- 12. Forest Stress: Influence of Air Pollutants on Phytophagous Forest Insects.- A. Sulfur Dioxide.- B. Ozone.- C. Fluoride.- D. Trace Metals.- E. Other Air Pollutants.- F. Summary.- References.- 13. Forest Stress: Influence of Air Pollutants on Disease Caused by Microbial Pathogens.- A. Sulfur Dioxide.- B. Ozone.- C. Fluoride.- D. Particulates.- E. Other Air Contaminants.- F. Summary.- References.- 14. Forest Stress: Symptomatic Foliar Damage Caused by Air Contaminants.- A. Limitations on Generalizations Concerning Direct Air Pollutant Influence on Trees.- B. Sulfur Dioxide.- C. Nitrogen Oxides.- D. Ozone.- E. Peroxyacetylnitrate.- F. Fluoride.- G. Trace Metals.- H. Other Air Contaminants.- I. Summary.- References.- 15. Class II Summary: Forest Responds by Exhibiting Alterations in Growth, Biomass, Species Composition, Disease, and Insect Outbreaks.- A. Forest Growth Reduction Caused by Air Pollution.- B. Altered Succession and Species Composition.- C. Altered Forest Pest Influence.- D. Case Study: Response of a Forest Ecosystem to Air Pollution.- E. Summary.- References.- Section III Forest Ecosystems are Influenced by Air Contaminants in a Dramatic Manner-Class III Interactions.- 16. Forest Ecosystem Destruction: A Localized Response to Excessive Air Pollution.- A. Sulfur Dioxide.- B. Fluorides.- C. Other Pollutants.- D. Summary.- References.- 17. Synopsis and Prognosis.- A. Relative Importance of Specific Air Pollutants to Forest Ecosystems.- B. Relative Importance of Air Pollutants for Specific Forest Regions: United States Case Summary.- C. Research Needs.- D. Conclusion.- References.- Appendix Common and Scientific Names of Woody Plants Cited in This Book.

科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI
更新
PDF的下载单位、IP信息已删除 (2025-6-4)

科研通是完全免费的文献互助平台,具备全网最快的应助速度,最高的求助完成率。 对每一个文献求助,科研通都将尽心尽力,给求助人一个满意的交代。
实时播报
zhangyulu发布了新的文献求助10
刚刚
科研通AI5应助JANE采纳,获得10
刚刚
lyh完成签到,获得积分10
1秒前
无花果应助奋斗雁山采纳,获得10
2秒前
故晨发布了新的文献求助10
2秒前
2秒前
3秒前
3秒前
未道发布了新的文献求助10
4秒前
Dainlyn发布了新的文献求助10
7秒前
刘飞飞关注了科研通微信公众号
7秒前
Bili发布了新的文献求助10
7秒前
Jamie2完成签到,获得积分10
9秒前
em发布了新的文献求助10
10秒前
桐桐应助584178682采纳,获得10
10秒前
BEYOND啊完成签到 ,获得积分10
11秒前
zhao发布了新的文献求助10
11秒前
852应助小穆采纳,获得10
11秒前
老默发布了新的文献求助10
12秒前
小曾应助陶醉的梦露采纳,获得10
14秒前
黄哈哈发布了新的文献求助10
15秒前
lu完成签到,获得积分10
15秒前
摩西西发布了新的文献求助10
15秒前
bkagyin应助麦克尔采纳,获得10
16秒前
旭a发布了新的文献求助20
16秒前
uniquellll发布了新的文献求助10
16秒前
冰晨完成签到,获得积分10
16秒前
Suaia发布了新的文献求助30
17秒前
鸭梨完成签到 ,获得积分10
17秒前
Orange应助火星上友易采纳,获得10
18秒前
18秒前
18秒前
19秒前
慕青应助清脆的书桃采纳,获得10
19秒前
李爱国应助Bili采纳,获得10
19秒前
Jamie完成签到,获得积分10
21秒前
21秒前
情怀应助摩西西采纳,获得10
22秒前
22秒前
自觉山柏发布了新的文献求助100
23秒前
高分求助中
A new approach to the extrapolation of accelerated life test data 1000
ACSM’s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription, 12th edition 500
‘Unruly’ Children: Historical Fieldnotes and Learning Morality in a Taiwan Village (New Departures in Anthropology) 400
Indomethacinのヒトにおける経皮吸収 400
Phylogenetic study of the order Polydesmida (Myriapoda: Diplopoda) 370
基于可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱技术泄漏气体检测系统的研究 350
Robot-supported joining of reinforcement textiles with one-sided sewing heads 320
热门求助领域 (近24小时)
化学 材料科学 医学 生物 工程类 有机化学 生物化学 物理 内科学 纳米技术 计算机科学 化学工程 复合材料 遗传学 基因 物理化学 催化作用 冶金 细胞生物学 免疫学
热门帖子
关注 科研通微信公众号,转发送积分 3988827
求助须知:如何正确求助?哪些是违规求助? 3531197
关于积分的说明 11252739
捐赠科研通 3269830
什么是DOI,文献DOI怎么找? 1804815
邀请新用户注册赠送积分活动 881915
科研通“疑难数据库(出版商)”最低求助积分说明 809028