Chlamydia trachomatis, Herpes Simplex Virus 2, and Human T-Cell Lymphotrophic Virus Type 1 Are Not Associated With Grade of Cervical Neoplasia in Jamaican Colposcopy Patients

In Brief Background A few recent studies have suggested that other sexually transmitted infections may increase the likelihood of a human papillomavirus (HPV) infection progressing to high-grade cervical neoplasia and cancer. Goal The goal was to assess whether exposures to Chlamydia trachomatis, human T-cell lymphotrophic virus type 1 (HTLV-I), and/or human simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) are greater in colposcopy patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or cancer (CIN3+) than in patients with low-grade cervical neoplasia (CIN1). Study Design Sequential patients (n = 447) attending a colposcopy clinic in Kingston, Jamaica, a country with high cervical cancer rates and high HTLV-I prevalence, were tested for (1) HPV DNA by L1 consensus primer (MY09/11) polymerase chain reaction assays, (2) C trachomatis DNA by ligase chain reaction, (3) C trachomatis antibodies by both microimmunofluorescence and a peptide (VS4) enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), (4) HTLV-I antibodies by ELISA confirmed by western blotting, and (5) HSV-2 antibodies by a recombinant HSV-2-specific ELISA. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were estimated with use of multinomial logistic regression models. Results HPV DNA detection was associated with grade of cervical neoplasia but other evaluated sexually transmitted infections were not. Conclusions HTLV-I, C trachomatis, and/or HSV-2 were not associated with severity of cervical neoplasia in Jamaican women. Seroprevalence of C trachomatis, HSV-2, or HTLV-I was not associated with grade of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia among women attending a colposcopy clinic in Kingston, Jamaica.