Diagnosis of Invasive Aspergillosis Using a Galactomannan Assay: A Meta-Analysis

半乳甘露聚糖 医学 曲菌病 尤登J统计 内科学 置信区间 诊断优势比 胃肠病学 曲线下面积 接收机工作特性 优势比 子群分析 外科 免疫学
作者
Christopher D. Pfeiffer,Jason P. Fine,Nasia Safdar
出处
期刊:Clinical Infectious Diseases [Oxford University Press]
卷期号:42 (10): 1417-1727 被引量:913
标识
DOI:10.1086/503427
摘要

Background. A double-sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent galactomannan assay has been approved for surveillance for invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients. We undertook a meta-analysis to assess the accuracy of a galactomannan assay for diagnosing invasive aspergillosis. Methods. Studies of the galactomannan assay that used the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer or similar criteria as a reference standard and provided data to calculate sensitivity and specificity were included. Pooled sensitivity and specificity and summary measures of accuracy, Q* (the upper left-most point on the summary receiver-operating characteristic curve), mean D (a log odds ratio), and Youden index were calculated. Subgroup analyses were performed to explore heterogeneity. Results. Twenty-seven studies from 1966 to 28 February 2005 were included. Overall, the galactomannan assay had a sensitivity of 0.71 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.68–0.74) and specificity of 0.89 (95% CI, 0.88–0.90) for proven cases of invasive aspergillosis. The Youden index, mean D, and Q* were 0.54 (95% CI, 0.41–0.65), 2.74 (95% CI, 21.12–3.36), and 0.80 (95% CI, 0.74–0.86), respectively, indicating moderate accuracy. Subgroup analyses showed that the performance of the test differed by patient population and type of reference standard used. Significant heterogeneity was present. Conclusions. The galactomannan assay has moderate accuracy for diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients. The test is more useful in patients who have hematological malignancy or who have undergone hematopoietic cell transplantation than in solid-organ transplant recipients. Further studies with attention to the impact of antifungal therapy, rigorous assessment of false-positive test results, and assessment of the utility of the test under nonsurveillance conditions are needed.
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