Scaffolds the backbone of tissue engineering: Advancements in use of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)

羟基烷酸 生物材料 组织工程 生物相容性 材料科学 生物医学工程 纳米技术 天然材料 生物相容性材料 高分子科学 工程类 生物 遗传学 细菌 冶金
作者
Sunena Dhania,Manju Bernela,Ruma Rani,Minakshi Parsad,Sapna Grewal,Santosh Kumari,Rajesh Thakur
出处
期刊:International Journal of Biological Macromolecules [Elsevier]
卷期号:208: 243-259 被引量:34
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.030
摘要

Our body is built to heal from inside out naturally but wide-ranging medical conditions necessitate the need for artificial assistance, and therefore, something that can assist the body to heal wounds and damaged tissues quickly and efficiently is of utmost importance. Tissue engineering technology helps to regenerate new tissue to replace the diseased or injured one. The technology uses biodegradable porous three-dimensional scaffolds for mimicking the structure and functions of the natural extracellular matrix. The material and design of scaffolds are critical areas of biomaterial research. Biomaterial-based three-dimensional structures have been the most promising material to serve as scaffolds for seeding cells, both in vivo and in vitro. One such material is polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) which are thermoplastic biopolyesters that are highly suitable for this purpose due to their enhanced biocompatibility, biodegradability, thermo-processability, diverse mechanical properties, non-toxicity and natural origin. Moreover, they have tremendous possibilities of customization through biological physical and chemical modification as well as blending with other materials. They are being used for several tissue engineering applications such as bone graft substitute, cardiovascular patches, stents, for nerve repair and in implantology as valves and sutures. The present review overviews usage of a multitude of PHA-based biomaterials for a wide range of tissue engineering applications, based on their properties suitable for the specific applications.
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