Review of oxygen-vacancies nanomaterials for non-enzymatic electrochemical sensors application

Defect engineering has been extremely effective in enhancing the catalytic performance of nanomaterials in a variety of applications, including electrochemical sensing, electrocatalysis, energy storage, and conversion technologies, etc. This review article mainly covers recent developments in understanding the function of oxygen vacancies (OVs) nanomaterials in non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor applications. The various methods for producing oxygen vacancy nanomaterials are first reviewed and discussed. Next, the appropriate characterization methods for determining the OVs in nanomaterials are presented. The usage of the nanomaterial-containing OVs to detect various environmental contaminants is then described for the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor method. The adsorption energy between the OVs of nanomaterials and target capability is finally analyzed in more details by combining the experimental findings and the theoretical analyses of the DFT study. We anticipate that this evaluation will help advance the development of various OVs nanocatalysts used for the detection of various environmental pollutants through the non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor application.