Efficacy and safety evaluation of Ginkgo biloba dropping pill (GBDP) on stable angina pectoris complicated with depression: a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, multicenter study

Stable angina pectoris (SAP) is a clinical condition characterized by reversible and temporary myocardial ischemia and hypoxia. A majority of SAP patients also experience depressive disorders, which adversely affect their disease prognosis and overall quality of life. However, the clinical utility of existing antidepressants is constrained by their side effects. Ginkgo biloba dropping pill (GBDP), a Chinese patented medication, has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of both coronary heart disease and mental disorders. This prospective, randomized, double-blind, multicenter clinical trial aimed to assess the effectiveness and safety of GBDP as an adjuvant therapy for SAP complicated by depression. Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either GBDP or a placebo (5 pills, three times a day) in addition to standard therapy for a duration of 12 weeks. The Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ) was administered every 4 weeks during the treatment, and angina event frequency was assessed weekly. The 36-item Short-Form (SF-36) and Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) scores were measured both before and after the treatment. Out of the 72 patients, 68 (n = 34 per group) completed the entire study. At the first visit (4 weeks ± 3 days), the SAQ-Angina Stability score in the GBDP group was significantly higher than that in the placebo group (P < 0.05). While the average weekly frequency of angina episodes in the placebo group notably increased after 12 weeks of treatment (P < 0.05), it displayed an improving trend in the GBDP group (P > 0.05). By the endpoint, each subcategory score of SF-36 in the GBDP group exhibited significant improvement compared to baseline (P < 0.05). The comparison of score improvement between the two groups revealed that the SF-PCS score of the GBDP group was higher than that of the placebo group (P < 0.05). HAMD scores in both groups significantly increased after treatment (P < 0.05). No discernible difference in the incidence of adverse reactions was observed between the two groups (P > 0.05). In patients with SAP complicated by depression, GBDP, when combined with standard treatment, rapidly and safely alleviates angina pectoris symptoms. It demonstrates therapeutic potential in enhancing the quality of life and alleviating depressive symptoms.