Research Progress on Semiconductor Nanomaterials in Photocatalysis

With the development of modern industry, industrial pollution has become increasingly severe, posing significant challenges to environmental protection and human health. In this context, semiconductor nanomaterials have garnered considerable attention due to their unique photocatalytic properties. This paper provides an overview of research advancements in composite, metal, and non-metal semiconductor nanomaterials within the field of photocatalysis, summarizing their applications in environmental purification, energy conversion, and production optimization. Composite semiconductor nanomaterials offer new directions for environmental purification through methods such as constructing heterostructures. Metal and non-metal semiconductor nanomaterials exhibit excellent catalytic activity and stability, providing new solutions for optoelectronic sensing and pollutant degradation. By comparing the advantages of these materials in the field of photocatalysis, the paper finds that semiconductor nanomaterials play a pivotal role in promoting environmental protection. Despite their benefits, including efficient light energy conversion and good stability, challenges remian concerning their cost, preparation, and recycling. The paper anticipates that overcoming these limitations to promote broader application in environmental protection and sustainable development.