Comparative genomics reveals that metabolism underlies evolution of entomopathogenicity in bee-loving Ascosphaera spp. fungi

生物 毒力 基因组 蜜蜂 基因 比较基因组学 共生 遗传学 子囊菌纲 系统发育学 基因组学 病菌 进化生物学 动物 细菌
作者
Jessica J. Maccaro,João Felipe Moreira Salgado,Ellen Klinger,M.P. Argueta Guzmán,Lyna Ngor,Jason Stajich,Quinn S. McFrederick
出处
期刊:Journal of Invertebrate Pathology [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:194: 107804-107804 被引量:1
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jip.2022.107804
摘要

Ascosphaera (Eurotiomycetes: Onygenales) is a diverse genus of fungi that is exclusively found in association with bee nests and comprises both saprophytic and entomopathogenic species. To date, most genomic analyses have been focused on the honeybee pathogen A. apis, and we lack a genomic understanding of how pathogenesis evolved more broadly in the genus. To address this gap we sequenced the genomes of the leaf-cutting bee pathogen A. aggregata as well as three commensal species: A. pollenicola, A. atra and A. acerosa. De novo annotation and comparison of the assembled genomes was carried out, including the previously published genome of A. apis. To identify candidate virulence genes in the pathogenic species, we performed secondary metabolite-oriented analyses and clustering of biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). Additionally, we captured single copy orthologs to infer their phylogeny and created codon-aware alignments to determine orthologs under selective pressure in our pathogenic species. Our results show several shared BGCs between A. apis, A. aggregata and A. pollenicola, with antifungal resistance related genes present in the bee pathogens and commensals. Genes involved in metabolism and protein processing exhibit signatures of enrichment and positive selection under a fitted branch-site model. Additional known virulence genes in A. pollenicola, A. acerosa and A. atra are identified, supporting previous hypotheses that these commensals may be opportunistic pathogens. Finally, we discuss the importance of such genes in other fungal pathogens, suggesting a common route to evolution of pathogenicity in Ascosphaera.
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