Healthy Lifestyle and the Likelihood of Becoming a Centenarian

百岁老人 人口学 预期寿命 生存曲线 成功老龄化 健康衰老 前瞻性队列研究 优势比 老年学 医学 人口 长寿 环境卫生 外科 病理 社会学
作者
Yaqi Li,Kaiyue Wang,Guliyeerke Jigeer,Gordon L. Jensen,Katherine L. Tucker,Yuebin Lv,Xiaoming Shi,Xiang Gao
出处
期刊:JAMA network open [American Medical Association]
卷期号:7 (6): e2417931-e2417931 被引量:3
标识
DOI:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.17931
摘要

Importance Previous studies have reported that lifestyle factors were associated with life expectancy and/or mortality, but most of them studied the middle-aged or older age groups (aged ≥60 years), and few focused on people aged 80 years or older. Objectives To examine healthy lifestyle and the likelihood of becoming centenarians among people aged 80 years or older in China. Design, Settings, and Participants Using data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, a nationally representative and one of the largest prospective cohorts targeting people aged 80 years or older established in 1998, a community-based, prospective nested case-control study was performed. Data were analyzed from December 1, 2022, to April 15, 2024. Exposures A healthy lifestyle score for 100 (HLS-100, ranging from 0 to 6), including smoking, exercise, and dietary diversity, was constructed, with higher scores indicating potentially better health outcomes. Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was survivorship to becoming a centenarian by 2018 (the end of follow-up). Information on sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and other covariates was collected. Results The sample comprised 5222 individuals (61.7% women, mean [SD] age, 94.3 [3.3] years), including 1454 identified centenarians and 3768 controls (died before becoming centenarians) matched by age, sex, and year of entry. During a median follow-up of 5 (IQR, 3-7) years, 373 of 1486 individuals among the lowest HLS-100 (0-2) group and 276 of 851 individuals among the highest HLS-100 (5-6) group became centenarians. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) comparing the highest vs the lowest HLS-100 groups was 1.61 (95% CI, 1.32-1.96; P < .001 for trend). An association was noted when we further treated centenarians with relatively healthy status as the outcome, as evaluated by self-reported chronic conditions, physical and cognitive function, and mental wellness (AOR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.05-2.26). Similar results were observed in other sensitivity analyses. Conclusions and Relevance In this case-control study of Chinese older adults, adhering to a healthy lifestyle appears to be important even at late ages, suggesting that constructing strategic plans to improve lifestyle behaviors among all older adults may play a key role in promoting healthy aging and longevity.
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