电解质
电化学
钠
溶剂化
离子
冠醚
分子
化学
化学工程
相间
纳米技术
化学物理
材料科学
有机化学
电极
生物
物理化学
工程类
冶金
遗传学
作者
Qian Yao,Cheng Zheng,Deluo Ji,Yingzhe Du,Jie Su,Nana Wang,Jian Yang,Shi Xue Dou,Yitai Qian
标识
DOI:10.1073/pnas.2312337121
摘要
Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) as one of the promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries have achieved remarkable progress in the past. However, the all-climate performance is still very challenging for SIBs. Herein, 15-Crown-5 (15-C-5) is screened as an electrolyte additive from a number of ether molecules theoretically. The good sodiophilicity, high molecule rigidity, and bulky size enable it to reshape the solvation sheath and promote the anion engagement in the solvated structures by molecule crowding. This change also enhances Na-ion transfer, inhibits side reactions, and leads to a thin and robust solid–electrolyte interphase. Furthermore, the electrochemical stability and operating temperature windows of the electrolyte are extended. These profits improve the electrochemical performance of SIBs in all climates, much better than the case without 15-C-5. This improvement is also adopted to μ-Sn, μ-Bi, hard carbon, and MoS 2 . This work opens a door to prioritize the potential molecules in theory for advanced electrolytes.
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