Synthesis and characterization of superhydrophobic functionalized Cu(OH)2 nanotube arrays on copper foil

Superhydrophobic functionalized cupric hydroxide (Cu(OH)2) nanotube arrays were prepared on copper foils via a facile alkali assistant surface oxidation technique. Thus nanotube arrays of Cu(OH)2 were directly fabricated on the surface of copper foil by immersing in an aqueous solution of NaOH and (NH4)2S2O8. The wettability of the surface was changed from surperhydrophilicity to superhydrophobicity by chemical modification with 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane (FAS). The morphologies, microstructures, crystal structure, chemical compositions and states, and hydrophobicity of the films on the copper foil substrates were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and water contact angle measurement. It was found that the rough structure of the surface helped to magnify the wettability. The static contact angle (CA) for water is larger than 160° and the contact angle hysteresis (CAH) is lower than 5° on the modified surface. The high roughness of the nanotube arrays along with the generated C–F chains by chemical modification contributed to the improved superhydrophobicity. The present research is expected to be significant in providing a new strategy for the preparation of novel multifunctional materials with potential industrial applications on copper substrates.